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目前分词被动式(being done)与过去分词(done)有什么区别

来源:www.laijiuhe.com 2024-01-24

The silence of the library is sometimes broken by a sudden cough or the sound of pages _____.

A.turning B.turned C.being turned D.having been turned

请问怎么样选择?谢谢!

答案选C。这里表示“书页(被)翻动的声音”,只有正在翻动才能让人听见,介词短语of pages being turned作定语修饰sound。being done为目前分词被动式表动作的进行;done表示完成的动作或完成的动作所表示的状况。1984年版高中英语第二册的课文“The Last Lesson”中也有类似的一句:

Usually at the beginning of school, the noise of desks being opened and closed, and lessons repeated at the TOP of the children’s voices could be heard out in the street.平常,最初上课的时候,在街上就能听到课桌开开关关的乒乓声和孩子们一遍遍高声念课文的念书声。

曹老师补充得非常不错。应将pages being turned看作是动名词的复合结构,后面所给的例句中的desks being opend and closed也应如此理解。


借此机会说一下目前分词的被动式与过去分词作状语时有什么区别:

1.通常情况下,缘由状语用过去分词或目前分词的被动式均可,但直接用过去分词更容易见到,也更简洁。如:

Scolded by the teacher, he felt depressed. 因为遭到老师的训斥,他的情绪十分低落。

His son bullied, Tom got annoyed. 因为儿子遭人欺负,汤姆非常恼火。

▲ 但应该注意两种状况:

a) 若分词的动作与主句谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生则用being done,由于being done有“进行”意味。如:

Being disturbed by my little brother, I couldn’t read. 因为小弟弟的打扰,我没办法看书。

b) 来自于系表结构的过去分词表示完成的状况而不强调被动或暂时性定义时,不需要being done。如:

Lost in thought, he didn’t hear the bell. 因为陷入沉思之中,他没听到铃声。

2.作方法状语、随着状语或让步状语时,一般只用过去分词。如:

Followed by his dog, the old man went into the mountain. 身后跟着狗,老人进山了。

Encouraged by the teacher, he still lacks confidence.虽然遭到老师的鼓励,但他仍缺少信心。

3.条件或时间状语一般直接用过去分词,但假如强调分词的“被动动作”发生在谓语动词的动作之前,也可以用having been done。如:

Given more time, I’ll do it better. 假如多给点时间,我会做得更好。

Having been revised several times, my composition was rated as an excellent one. 经过几次修改,我的作文被评为出色。


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